Individual section high speed glassware forming machine

ABSTRACT

An individual section of a multiple section glassware forming machine is shown wherein each such section preferably includes three stations performing separate and sequential operations in forming articles of glassware. Each such section may be adapted for &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;single gob&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; or &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;multiple gob&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; use whereby each station in the section performs its operation in forming either a single article of glassware or multiple articles at the same time. The section shown is adapted for &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;double gob&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; operation. Its first station is utilized in forming (by overhead pressing plungers) two parisons in upright parison molds. Its second station is utilized to further form the parisons either in intermediate blow molds or by suspending the parisons for a re-heat. Its third station is utilized to blow the parisons into the final shape of the glassware article being made. The stations are spaced along the longitudinal center line of the machine section, and a transfer mechanism is provided which includes a reciprocating carriage for supporting and moving the parisons and the finally shaped articles along, substantially horizontally, from station to station and onto a deadplate in sequence. After reaching the deadplate, the finally shaped articles are moved onto a conveyor by means of mechanism not a part of this invention.

United States Patent [191 Foster Oct. 21, 1975 [75] Inventor: ThomasVincent Foster, Doncaster,

England [73] Assignee: Emhart Corporation, Farmington,

Conn.

[22] Filed: Apr. 18, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 462,078

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Nov. 23, 1973 United Kingdom54389/73 [52] US. Cl. 65/229; 65/241; 65/242; 65/359; 65/361 [51] Int.Cl. C03B 9/00 [58] Field of Search 65/229, 230, 231, 241, 65/304, 239,240, 80, 242, 359, 361

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,859,230 5/1932 Canfield65/241 X 1,859,231 5/1932 Canfield... 65/241 1,868,249 7/1932 Parham65/241 1,876,005 9/1932 Hoge et a1. 1. 65/241 3,198,617 8/1965 Denman eta1. 65/304 X 3,223,511 12/1965 Rowe 65/240 3,334,985 8/1967 Lippmann etal.. 65/240 X 3,434,820 3/1969 Zappia et al t 65/229 3,622,305 11/1971-Becker 65/229 3,765,862 10/1973 Rowe 65/264 Primary Examiner-S. LeonBashore Assistant Examiner-Frank W. Miga Attorney, Agent, orFirm-McCormick, Paulding & Huber [57] ABSTRACT An individual section ofa multiple section glassware forming machine is shown wherein each suchsection preferably includes three stations performing separate andsequential operations in forming articles of glassware. Each suchsection may be adapted for single gob or multiple gob use whereby eachstation in the section performs its operation in forming either a singlearticle of glassware or multiple articles at the same time. The sectionshown is adapted for double gob operation. Its first station is utilizedin forming (by overhead pressing plungers) two parisons in uprightparison molds. Its second station is utilized to further form theparisons either in intermediate blow molds or by suspending the parisonsfor a re-heat. Its third station is utilized to blow the parisons intothe final shape of the glassware article being made. The stations arespaced along the longitudinal center line of the machine section, and atransfer mechanism is provided which includes a reciprocating carriagefor supporting and moving the parisons and the finally shaped articlesalong, substantially horizontally, from station to station and onto adeadplate in sequence. After reaching the deadplate, the finally shapedarticles are moved onto a conveyor by means of mechanism not a part ofthis invention.

26 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures U.S. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Sheetlof63,914,120

FIG. I

US. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Sheet 3 of6 3,914,120

U.S. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Sheet4 of6 3,914,120

US. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Shee t50f6 3,914,120

U.S. Patent Oct. 21, 1975 Sheet6of6 3,914,120

FIG. 8

INDIVIDUAL SECTION HIGH SPEED GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE BACKGROUND OFTHE INVENTION Individual section (1.8.) glassware forming machines suchas shown for example in US. Pat. No. 1,91 1,1 19, comprise a pluralityof sections arranged in side-by-side relationship. Each such section inand of itself comprises a forming machine for converting a molten gob ofglass at first into a parison and then into a finally shaped article ofglassware. That is, each such section includes at least one parisonmold, wherein parisons are formed either by pressing or blowing, and atleast one final shaping blow mold wherein the parisons are blown intothe final shape of the desired article of glassware. In the conventionalI.S. machine, the parison mold is inverted, and transfer mechanismincluding a neck ring structure engages the inverted parison and swingsit'through an are into an upright position in the blow mold for finalshaping.

Production efficiency and economy dictate that the individual sectionsof the machine be operated in timed relationship with each other so thatthe sections will produce the final articles of glassware in sequence,section after section. The same considerations dictate the use of asingle feeder structure which feeds the molten gobs of glass to theparison molds in sequence, section after section. With this arrangement,the finished articles of glassware are placed on a common take-awayconveyor section after section so that a substantially continuous lineor continuous lines of glassware move along the conveyor, generally to alehr for annealing.

It is the general object of the present invention to provide an 1.5.type glassware forming machine wherein each individual section thereofis constructed and arranged; to provide for an intermediate forming of aparison at a station between the parison mold and the final blow mold;to eliminate the need for an inverting transfer mechanism; and to makeeither narrow neck or wide mouth glassware of either light weight orheavy construction (that is, thin-wall or thick-wall ware) at highspeed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In keeping with the invention there will beprovided a glassware forming machine section having a frame whereinthree operating stations are defined in horizontally spaced apartrelationship longitudinally of the frame. The first such station is toinclude at least one or (in the event of a multiple gob machineoperation) more upright top-opening blank or parison molds. The secondof such stations includes movable parts to engage and support a parisonfor further forming after it has been initially formed at the firststation. The third such station includes a mold adapted to engage andsupport the further formed parison for final shaping as an article ofglassware.

A movable support structure is disposed over the first station in thesection and carries a guide chute and a plunger actuator. The guidechute is positioned over the parison mold to guide a gob of molten glassinto it and then a plunger is thrust into the mold to form a parison. Atransfer mechanism including a carriage is utilized to transport theformed parison to the second station, then to the third station, andthen out of the third station. The carriage includes neck ring partswhich engage the parison at the first station and carry it to the secondstation before return to the first station. Pairs of tongs are alsocarried by the carriage, one pair being utilized to move the parisonfrom the second station to the thirdstation before return and a secondpair being utilized to transport the finally formed article out of themold at the third station.

In one form of the invention, a blow mold is provided at the secondstation and a blow head is mounted on the carriage for associationtherewith to further form a parison taken from the first station. In analternative form, the parison is supported at the second station onfingers in a suspended condition and permitted to reheat and stretch,but without necessarily blowing being involved. In both forms, thefurther formed parison is blown into final shape at a blow mold at thethird station, and a blowhead is supported on the carriage forassociation with the said blow mold.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevational view ofaforming machine section provided in accordance with the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 is a larger scale plan view of the machine section, but showingthe transfer carriage in an extended rather than in retracted position.

FIG. 3 is an irregular vertical longitudinal sectional view takenthrough the machine section the upper portion of the view being takenalong one of the guide rods for the transfer mechanism and the lowerportion of the view being taken along the longitudinal center line ofthe machine section.

FIG. 4 is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view taken through thefirst station of the machine section.

FIG. 5 is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view taken through thesecond station of the machine section.

FIG. 6 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken through ablowhead and tong structure such as is supported by the carriage in itsretracted position over the second and third stations of the machinesection.

FIG. 7 is another transverse vertical sectional view taken through thesecond station of the machine section and showing an alternativeconstruction for such station.

FIG. 8 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken through the thirdstation of the machine section.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As best seen with reference toFIG. 1, the individual section of the glassware forming machine has aframe 10 within which there are three operating stations or areasprovided in spaced apart relationship along the longitudinal center lineof the section, these stations being designated generally as the firststation A, a second station B and a third station C. The machine sectionshown is particularly adapted for double gob operation wherein a pair ofglassware parisons are initially formed at the station A and thentransferred to the station B for further forming and then transferredfinally to the station C for final shaping as articles of glassware suchas the bottles G, G shown in FIG. 1. When the glassware articles havebeen finally shaped as by blowing, they are moved out of the machinesection onto a deadplate 12 and they are thereafter moved onto atake-away conveyor 14 where they are placed in a line with other similararticles formed by the other individual sections of the forming machine.

The machine section shown utilizes upright blank or parison molds at thestation A, and it is particularly adapted to make the articles ofglassware in a press and blow technique. Thus, there is a mechanismindicated generally by the reference number 16 located over the firststation A and which includes guide means for introducing gobs of glassto the parison molds at the station A and it also includes plungers forpressing the gobs of glass into parisons at the blank or parison molds.

Still referring to FIG. 1 for an understanding of the generalarrangement of the major elements, it will be seen that a transfermechanism is utilized which includes a carriage indicated generally at18 which is supported on a pair of horizontally disposed guide rods 20,20 extending longitudinally of the machine section over and straddlingthe stations A, B and C and extending onwardly over the deadplate 12.The outer ends of the rods are supported in a bracket 22 secured overthe deadplate 12 on the section frame 10, and the inner end portions ofthe said guide rods are extended through cylinders 24, 24 mounted on theinner end portion of the machine section frame 10 and extending inwardlybeyond said frame. Each such cylinder 24 comprises a part of areciprocable fluid motor which also includes a piston 26 (FIG. 3), thesaid piston being annular and surrounding an associated rod and havingan outwardly projecting extension 28 which is connected with thecarriage 18. Thus, as the annular pistons 26, 26 are reciprocated withinthe cylinders 24, 24, the carriage 18 is reciprocated between aretracted position shown in FIG. 1 and an extended position shown inFIGS. 2 and 3.

The carriage 18 supports a neck ring mechanism 30 over the parison moldsat the station A in its retracted position, and in such position itsupports a first combined blowhead and tong mechanism 32 over the secondstation B, and it also supports a similar combined blowhead and tongmechanism 34 over the third station C, all as shown in FIG. 1. [n theextended position of the carriage 18, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, theneck ring mechanism 30 is located over the second station B, the firstblowhead and tong mechanism 32 is disposed over the third station C, andthe second blowhead and tong mechanism 34 is located over the deadplate12.

Turning now to the structure and operations at the first station A,attention is directed to the gob guide and plunger mechanism 16 shown inFIGS. 1 and 4.

Since the machine section is adapted for double gob operation, there aretwo gob guide chutes 36, 36 provided for guiding molten gobs of glassinto the two blank or parison molds to be described, and there are twoplungers 38, 38 provided to be thrust into the molds by a plungeractuator 40. The parison molds are rather closely spaced along thelongitudinalcenter line of the section frame 10, and this dictates thatthe chutes 36, 36 and the plungers 38, 38 be similarly spaced so as tobe in registry with the top openings of the cavities inthe parisonmolds, selectively. That is, the chutes 36, 36 are to be placed over themolds to guide the gobs into them, and then they are moved aside so thatthe plungers 38, 38 will be disposed over the molds. This isaccomplished by mounting the chutes and the plunger actuator 40 on aslide 42 which is movable transversely relative to the section frame 10on a fixed'frame structure 44 located over the section frame. Areversible motor 46, which preferably com prises a cylinder and piston,is provided to move the support 42 transversely of the machine section,as indicated by the double head arrow 48 at FIG. 4, in timedrelationship to the operation of the other elements in the machinesection and in relationship to the operation of other sections in thecomposite machine. Thus, either the plungers or the guide chutes arelocated over the parison molds as can be seen in FIG. 4 wherein theplungers are shown to be in position over the molds.

The reversible fluid motor 46 is preferably air operated, and theassembly 16 carries an accummulator 50 for collecting air under pressurefor such motor operation, the accummulator 50 being connected to asource of air as by a conduit 52. The plunger actuator40 also preferablycomprises an air operator cylinder and piston, the assembly 16 alsoincluding an accummulator 54 for the plunger actuator, and theaccummulator 54 is connected to a source of air under pressure as by aconduit 56. In the preferred form, there is only one cylinder and pistonactuator 40 utilized, the piston being connected at the bottom of thecylinder to the pair of plungers 38, 38.

Each blank mold construction at the station A in the form shown in FIG.4 includes a one-piece body mold element 58 having a relatively wideopen top cavity, a multi-part intermediate mold section 60 and amultipart neck ring mold 62 which is a part of the neck ring structure30. The open top body mold element 58 is movable vertically on the endof a piston 64 which is reciprocable in a cylinder 66. The body mold 58is elevated by the piston 64 to the position shown in FIG.4 to receive agob of molten glass from one ofthe chutes 36, and it remains in theelevated position until the parison has been formed. Then, the bodymoldis moved downwardly to be stripped off the formed parison. In t thepreferred construction, a single piston 64 operating in a singlecylinder 66 will be employed to raise and lower the body molds of theside-by-side blank mold 1 constructions, and the cylinder 66 ispreferably adjustably supported in the section frame 10 so that theextended and retracted positions of the body mold elements can beadjusted for the making of parisons of different shapeand size. Themeans effecting such vertical adjustment comprises. a manually operablejack screw 68 shown in FIG. 1 but eliminated from FIG. 4 forconvenience.

As seen in FIG. 4, the separable parts of the neck ring 62 are mountedon respective racks 76, 76 which are slidable in the carriage 18 towardand away from each other and thus transversely of the section frame 10.The racks are caused to slide toward and away from each other by a pairof pinions 78, 78 which are keyed to the respective guide rods 20, 20,but are slidable along the guide rods with the carriage 18. Thus, bysimultaneously rotating the guide rods 20, 20 in opposite directions,the racks 76, 76 are caused to move either toward or away from eachother and thus to close or open the neck ring 62.

The preferred reversible motor means for rotating the guide rods to openand close the neck rings comprises a pair of cylinders and pistons,there being one such cylinder and piston 182 (FIG. 3) associated witheach carriage cylinder 24 and guide. rod'20. Each piston 182 is soconstructed that as it is moved within its associated cylinder 180 inone direction it causes ro tation of a piston rod or shaft 184 in onedirection, and as the piston experiences. reverse movement the rod .184is rotated in the opposite direction. A gear 186 is supported on aprojecting end of the shaft 184 in mesh with a gear 188 on theprojecting end of the associated guide rod 20. Thus, by reversing thedirection of movement of the piston 182 in its cylinder 180, theassociated guide rod 20 is caused to rotate in one and an oppositedirection. This rotation of the guide rod, as previously mentioned,effects reciprocation of a neck ring rack 76 with which it is associatedthrough a pinion 78.

A neck ring 62 is essential in making all articles of glassware, but theintermediate mold 60 is needed only when making relatively narrow neckarticles. When relatively wide mouth glassware articles are to be made,the neck ring 62 can be located immediately above the body mold 58 andin engagement therewith. The neck ring 62 and the body mold 58 are thenheld together during the pressing process by a clamp of dovetailconstruction which is actuated by means similar to the means describedbelow for moving the intermediate molds 60.

As mentioned earlier, the parts of the neck ring 62 are movedtransversely of the machine frame to engage each other and define theneck ring and in so doing they will grip the upper portion or finish" ofthe parison when formed by the plunger. The parts of the intermediatemold 60 also move transversely of the frame 10 into and out ofengagement and when engaged they form a part of the parison mold cavitywhich is relatively narrow at the top to match the neck ring opening andrelatively wide at the bottom to match the top of the body mold cavity.It will be seen in FIG. 4 that the parts of the intermediate mold 60 areso constructed and arranged as to engage the lower portion of the neckring parts 62 and the upper portion of the body mold 58 to clamp themtogether.

In the preferred construction, the intermediate mold parts are movedinto and out of engagement by a reversible motor comprising a cylinder70 and piston 72 (FIG. 4). The cylinder is located within the sectionframe 10 alongside the body mold cylinder 66 as shown in FIG. 1, but forconvenience of illustration, it is shown in FIG. 4 below the cylinder66. The fluid motor piston 72 is connected by a linkage structure 74which is arranged to effect horizontal movement of the intermediate moldparts responsive to vertical movement of the piston 72 in the cylinder70.

The construction of the machine section at the station B is shown inFIG. 5, and it will be noted that two of the principal elements at thisstation comprise the halves 80, 80 of a separable preliminary blow mold.That is, there are two such blow mold halves provided at the station Bfor each parison P formed at the station A and carried by the neck ringstructure and carriage 18 to the station B. Thus, in the double gobsection disclosed there will be two preliminary blow molds, each havingthe parts 80, 80 which are movable transversely of the section frame 10into engagement with each other to define a cavity for the parison P andaway from each other to release the parison after it has beenpreliminarily shaped by blowing. The mold halves for the two molds arereciprocated toward and away from each other by a pair of carriers 82,82 which are operated for sliding movement by a cylinder 84 and piston86, the piston being connected to the carriers by the linkages 88, 88(FIG. 5).

The mold halves 80, 80 for each parison P in addition to engaging eachother to form a mold cavity, also engage a vertically adjustable bottomplate 90 which defines the bottom of the cavity. The mold halves areengaged with each other and with the bottom plate to define the cavitiesimmediately after the parisons P, P have been transferred to the stationB by the neck ring structure 30. It will be observed that the moldhalves engage the parisons below the finish portion which is engaged bythe neck rings,.and immediately after they have engaged the parisons,the neck rings are opened and the neck ring structure 30 is returned tothe station A by the carriage 18 with the neck rings still open. Thisleaves the upper portion of the parisons exposed for operation of thecombined blowhead and tong structure 32 at the station B as will now bedescribed with refer ence to FIGS. 5 and 6.

As previously mentioned, the structure 32 is supported on thereciprocable carriage 18. An important element of the structure 32 is acylinder 92 having a vertically reciprocable piston 94 which carries andthus raises and lowers a blowhead 96 over the parisons P, P at thestation B as best shown in FIG. 6. The piston 94 and thus the blowhead96 is biased upwardly by a compression spring 98, but it is moveddownwardly in opposition to the force of the spring 98 when air underpressure is introduced above the piston. When moved downwardly to theposition shown in FIG. 6, the blowhead 96 carries the outwardly flaredends 100, 100 of a pair of air lines 102 into contact with the upperends or finish of the respective parisons P, P. When the open ends ofthe parisons are so engaged, air under pressure is introduced to themthrough the air lines or conduits 102, 102 to blow the parisons into apreliminary shape or form as defined by the cavities in the preliminaryblow molds.

A second piston 104 is carried by the blowhead 96 for verticalreciprocation, and it is this piston which operates the tong structureforming a part of the composite structure 32. More specifically, thepiston 104 is vertically reciprocable with in a portion of the blowhead96 and it is normally biased upwardly by a compression spring 106 towardthe first or main blowhead piston 94. A tubular extension 108 on thepiston 104 projects through the piston 94 and provides an entry for airunder pressure to be introduced between the first piston 94 and thesecond piston 104 whereby to move the second piston 104 downwardly inopposition to the force of the spring 106.

A downwardly projecting extension or rod 110 is connected by linkages112, 112 to the tongs 114, 114 of a front pair associated with the frontmold at the station B and with the tongs 116, 116 of a pair associatedwith the rear mold at the station B. As will be seen in FIG. 6, thetongs slide substantially horizontally, the tongs in each pair beingreciprocable toward and away from each other longitudinally of thesection frame to engage an associated parison P below its finish andabove the mold halves 80, 80 of the associated preliminary blow mold.The operating linkage arrangement is such that the left-hand tong 114and the left-hand tong 116 as viewed in FIG. 6 move together and therighthand tong 114 and right-hand tong 116 also move together.

The blowhead and tong assembly 32 is operated at the station B after thecarriage 18 has been extended and retracted, thus after parisons havebeen delivered by the neck rings and engaged by the preliminary blowmolds and the neck rings have been returned to the station A. That is,after the mold halves 80, 80 have closed upon the initially formedparisons and the neck rings have opened and been retracted, the blowhead96 is lowered into the position shown in FIG. 6 by introducing air underpressure over the piston 94. When the blowhead has been lowered toengage the flared ends 100, 100 of the conduits 102, 102 with theparisons P, P, air under pressure is introduced through the saidconduits to blow the parisons into the shape defined by the closed moldhalves 80, 80 and the bottom plate 90. Then, after a predeterminedperiod of time sufficient for the preliminary forming of the parison Pto fill the preliminary blow mold cavity, blowing into the parisonthrough the lines 102, 102 is cut off and at substantially the same timeor in very close sequence, the mold halves 80, 80 are opened and thetongs 1 14 and 116 are closed on the respective parisons P, P. Theparisons will rest upon the bottom plates 90 while the tongs are closedand thetongs are so closed by introducing air under pressure to the topof the second piston 104. When the parisons have been engaged by thetongsand the mold halves 80, 80 are separated, the parisonscan be liftedslightly off the bottom plates 90 by a slight reduction in the pressureover the piston 94 permitting the blowhead to be elevated slightly fortransfer with the carriage 18 to the station C.

When the blowhead and tong structure 32 reaches the station C, thehalves of the final blow molds at the station will close upon thefurther formed parisons and then the tong pairs 114 and 116 are openedand the blowhead 96 is elevated before retraction of the carriage whichwill place the structure 32 back at the station B.

An important advantage resides in the further forming of the parisons P,P at the station B. That is, the further forming provides for betterdistribution of the glass, particularly in the manufacture of relativelylightweight articles of glassware.

Part of the desirable glass distribution occurs as a result of are-heating. That is, when the initially formed parison is released bythe blank mold structure at the station A, it no longer suffers heatloss to that blank mold structure and it starts to re-heat and stretchwhile being carried by the neck ring structure and the carriage 18 tothe station B. The mold halves 80, 80 and the bottom plate 90 at thestation B are designed to extract a desired amount of heat from theinitially formed parison as it is'being further formed by thepreliminary blowing.

In the making of some articles of glassware, particularly longnarrow-neck articles, it may be more desirable to permit furtherre-heating and streching of the parisons at the station B rather than toblow them into a preliminary shape. The alternative structure used forre-heating at the station B is shown in FIG. 7, and it will be seen thatsuch alternative structure principally involves the substitution ofopposed parison engaging fingers 118, 118 for the preliminary blow moldhalves 80, 80 and the substitution of a patter plate 120 for the shapedbottom plate 90. The fingers 118, 118 are supported on the horizontallyreciprocable carriers 82, 82 and merely engage the parisons on oppositesides thereof below the finish to support them in a suspended conditionand thus to permit them to elongate or stretch during re-heat. Theamount of stretch is limited by the patter plate 120 which also providessome support for the parisons as they are engaged by the tongs. When there-heat fingers 118, 118 are employed, the tongs pairs are preferablyarranged so that they will engage the parisons in positions spacedaround the parisons from the fingers, thus permitting tong engagement 8of the parisons before the fingers 118, 118 are disengaged.

During the re-heating and stretching of the parison at the station Bshown in FIG. 7, a short puff of air may be introduced into the interiorof the parison in order to swell or balloon the parison. The use ofsucha puffof air may be desirable in order to prevent the opposite sides ofthe parison touching one another during the stretching operation, or toprovide a better control of the shape of the parison, or to provide avariation in the time allowed for re-heating and stretching at stationB. The puff is conveniently supplied to the interior of the parison fromthe blow head.

If, in the alternative construction of FIG. 7, no puff of air is to beintroduced into the interior of the parison, the blowhead forming a partof the assembly32 can be eliminated if desired. If it is not eliminated,it is not used for blowing or puffing at station B, only the tongstructure need be provided.

Except for the configuration of the final blow mold halves, thestructureat the final shaping or final blow mold station C as shown inFIG. 8 is substantially the same as that used for preliminary blowing atthe station B as shown in FIG. 5, and the blowhead and tong assembly 34is substantially the same as the blowhead and tong assembly 32.Therefore, in order to avoid unnecessary description, the elements atthe station C shown in FIG. 8 having substantially the samezconstructionand operation as those shown in FIG. 5 are designated by the samereference numerals but with the suffix .a added thereto.

The final blow mold halves 122, 122 used at the station C are, ofcourse, different from the mold halves 80, used at the station B becausethe cavity defined in station C is to provide the final shape for thearticle of glassware being formed. Further, since all of the desiredre-heating of the parison will have taken place.

during transfer from the station A to the station B,at

the station B, and during transfer to the station C, the

final mold halves 122, 122 can be made of a material which will extractheat from the final article of glassware as it is blown to shape. It isdesirable to extract heat from the glassware in its final shape, and tothis end cooling passages such as indicated at 124 can be utilized inthe mold halves 122 and supplied a stream of cooling air from conduitmeans indicated generally at 126. If desired, additional passages can beprovided in the mold halves 122 for connection with a vacuum chamber toassist in the final shaping of the ware by reducing the pressure withinthe cavity and outside the parison as compared to that internallythereof. The bottom plate a, can also be provided with vacuum passages.

When the two parisons P, P at the final station C have been fully blownto the final shape of the article of glassware G, G and the mold halves122, 122 have remained closed for the necessary period of in-moldcooling, the mold halves are opened and the tong pairs 114a andll6a ofthe assembly 34 engage the finished articles to transfer them withcarriage 18 to a position on the deadplate 12 where they are released byopening the said tong pairs. While not shown, means can be provided forspraying or otherwise treating the articles G, G during movement fromthe station C to the deadplate 12 so that they will be made more toughand durable and thus capable of avoiding bottom checking and deformationdue to their own weight.

After the articles have resided on the deadplate l2, and been furthercooled, they are moved ontothe conveyor 14 by mechanism (not shown)operated in a timed relationship with the operation of all of the othermechanisms associated with the individual machine section shown.

As a further additional optional feature, the mold halves 80 employed atthe station B can also be provided with passages for connection with avacuum chamber to assist in the further forming of the parison atstation B. In another alternative embodiment of the invention theblowheads at both stations B and C are omitted and a gas pressuredifference between the inside and the outside of the parison at stationB and the inside and the outside of the further formed parison atstation C is created by evacuating through passages in the intermediateand final molds.

The operation of the individual section will now be described, but as apreliminary thereto it is to be understood that this is just one of aplurality of sections operated in timed relationship to each other in acomposite machine structure. In such machine structure or arrangement, afeeder mechanism will be provided to feed two gobs of glass to thesections in timed sequence and relationship and the finished articles ofglassware G, G will be produced by the sections in the same timedrelationship for ultimate movement onto the conveyor in a line or linesof glassware articles produced by the several sections of the machine.

OPERATION STATION B STATION C molten glass from the chutes 36, 36 whichhave been previously moved into position over the said molds at thestation A by operation of the reversible fluid motor 46. At about thesame point in time, the mold halves 80, 80 (FIG. 5) are closed on theparisons P, P at the station B and the neck ring parts 62, 62 are openedat the station B. It is important that the neck ring parts open when themold parts close or very shortly thereafter. At the same time, the finalmold halves 122, 122 close upon the further formed parisons at thestation C and the tong pairs 1 l4 and 1 16 of the assembly 32 open atthe station C. Also at this time, the tong pairs 114a and 116a of theassembly 34 open at the deadplate 12.

The next step in operation at the station A is for the gobs of moltenglass to be dropped into the open tops of the body molds 58. Noadditional step takes place at the stations B and C or at the deadplate12, the molds having been closed at the station B and the neck ringsopened, the molds having been closed at the station C and the tongsopened and the tongs having been opened at the deadplate 12.

After the gobs have been dropped into the one piece body molds at thestation A, the reversible motor 46 is operated to shift the plungers 38,38 into position over the body molds, and while this is going on, thecarriage 18 is retracted to return the assembly 34 to station C, theassembly 32 to station B, and the neck ring structure 30 to station A.

The fourth step in the operation at station A then takes place and thisconstitutes the closing of the neck ring parts 62, 62. At substantiallythe same point in time, the blowhead 96 is lowered and starts thepreliminary blowing of the initially formed parisons at the station B,and the blowhead 96a is lowered and starts the blowing of the furtherformed parisons into final shape DEADPLATE Body molds up Gpbs in Tongsopen Molds close Neck Rings open Carriage retracts Plungers replacechutes- Neck Rings close lnterm molds close Plungers down Plungers uplnterm molds open. Chutes replace plungers Body molds down Carriageextends Blowhead on Blowhead off Molds open Molds open Tongs close Tongsclose OSequential Functions Must Follow Substantially SimultaneousFunctions Within about .2 seconds I molds 58 are moved up to theposition shown in FIG. 4

by the piston.64 so as to be ready to receive gobs of Molds close]Blowhead on Blowhead off Tongs open at the station C.

The fifth step in operation at the station A then takes place, thisbeing the closing of the intermediate mold parts 60, 60 to clamp theneck ring parts 62, 62 and the body molds 58 into alignment to receivethe plungers. No additional step takes place at the other stations or atthe deadplate, the preliminary blowing being permitted to continue atthe station B, the final blowing being permitted to continue at thestation C, and cooling of the glassware articles G, G being permitted tocontinue at the deadplate 12.

While this blowing at stations B and C and cooling at the deadplatecontinues, the plungers 38, 38 are thrust into the parison molds at thestation A this being accomplished by the plunger actuator 40 andcomprising the sixth step of operation at the station A.

After a sufficient dwell, to assure proper distribution of the moltenglass around the plungers in the parison or blank molds, the plungersare again elevated, and this is the seventh step occurring at station A.At about the same time, blowing is stopped at the stations B and C, themolds at said stations are opened and the tongs are closed at thestations B and C by the assemblies 32 and 34, respectively.

Then, the parts 60, 60 of the intermediate molds at the station A areopened, this being the eighth step, and at about the same time thereversible motor 46 is operated to move the chutes into position overthe blank molds in place of the plungers. Nothing further takes place atthe stations B and C, and at the deadplate, the parisons held by thetongs at the station B being permitted to re-heat, the final articles ofglassware being held by the tongs at the station C being permitted toinitially cool or to be treated, and the final articles of glassware atthe deadplate being permitted to continue cooling.

The ninth step in operation at the station A involves movement of theone-piece body molds 58 downwardly by the piston 64 in preparation forextension of the carriage and movement of the initially formed parisonsby the neck rings. At about this point in time it is desirable to movethe cooled articles of glassware off the deadplate and onto the conveyor14 by the mechanism usually operated for such purposes.

Then, the final step, step 10, in the process takes place, this beingextension of the carriage 18 by the reversible fluid motors comprisingthe cylinders 24, 24

and annular pistons 26, 26. This moves the newly formed parisons tostation B, the further formed parisons to station C, and two newlyformed articles of glassware to the deadplate 12 and all structure isrestored to the condition for the start of the new cycle with step 1thereof.

It will thus be seen from the above chart that the machine timingcontrol is by a combination of independent mechanism control andsequence timing. Those mechanism motions which, ifthey were tomalfunction, would cause damage or a serious jam of the machine aresequence timed such that there is interlock and failsafe provisionsshould any of these mechanisms not complete its full operationalmovement.

As examples of mechanisms where fail-safe provisions should be included,downward movement of the plungers 38, 38 should only be permitted whenthe lateral motion of the plungers under control of the reversible motor46 has been precisely completed; the carriage 18 should not. bepermitted to extend unless the plungers 38, 38 have been fully elevated;and the onepiece body molds 58 should not be moved downwardly in step 9of the operation unless the intermediate molds 16 have been fullyopened.

The aforedescribed glassware forming machine apparatus and processprovides for the manufacture of high quality narrow neck or wide moutharticles of glassware utilizing a press and blow technique at higherrates of production than could be accomplished by the more conventionalapparatus such as shown in US. Pat. No. 1,911,119. In any I.S. machinethe time employed in the operations at each station is dictated by theoperation having the greatest station time. In press 12 and blowglassware manufacture the time taken is largely dictated by the timeneeded for blowing and initial cooling in the two steps conventionallyused. That is, little time is needed for the pressing operation whichconstituted the first step, but the whole process must be slowed downfor the blowing.

In keeping with this invention wherein the blowing is carried on as atwo stage operation, or as a re-heat stage and a final blowing stage,and wherein three operating stations are provided in the machinesection, the time of operation at each station can be matched to thatneeded for the pressing at the first station, or, possibly, to thatneeded for re-heating at the second station in a press, re-heat and blowprocess. This provides for the production of glassware at the muchhigher desired rate.

The process and apparatus, in accordance with this invention wherein theglass article is formed from the parison in two stages providesparticular advantages in the manufacture of lightweight glassware wherea longer re-heat time is requiredto enable the parison to stretch toproduce the thin glass.

Also, a process and apparatus in accordance with the present inventionin which the glass article is formed from the parison by two blowingstages at the second and third stations respectively provides foradjustment of the re-heat time between the formation of the parison bypressing at the first station and the intermediate blow at the secondstation, the time for which the intermediate blowing is performed at thesecond station, and the re-heat time between the termination of theintermediate blowing at the second station and the commencement of thefinal blowing stage at the third station. By these adjustments, and alsoby choice of the shape, material and temperature of the intermediateblow mold formed by the mold halves 80, at the sec ond station, there-heat efficiency can be enhanced and the distribution of the glass inthe article formed at the final blow mold in the third station can bemore accurately controlled than was possible in prior artprocesses.

Apparatus in accordance with the present invention may, however, beutilised to perform a process similar to the two stage process which iscurrently performed in a standard I.S. machine by the press and blowtechnique to manufacture glass articles of heavy construction. In suchcircumstances the third station in the apparatus of the presentinventionis utilised for a process step subsequentto the final formation of theglass article. This extra process step may be an. extra cooling steppreparatory to the glass article being placed on the conventionalconveyor or the conventional conveyor deadplate, the glass article beingcooled in this additional step whilst suspended on fingers similar tothe fingers 118 shown in FIG. 7 or whilst it is placed on a I specialdeadplate. Alternatively, the third station in the apparatus of thepresent invention may be used for an additional treatment of the glassarticle, for example for spray coating of the glass article fromunderneath and from the sides so that a protective coating is applied tothe glass article, and particularly to its base, before it is broughtinto contact with any other material.

I claim:

1. A glassware forming machine section comprising a frame having meansdefining three operating stations for parison forming, further parisonforming, and final shaping which are horizontally spaced apartlongitudinally of the frame, the said means at the first such stationincluding at least one upright top-opening blank or parison mold,mechanism supported over the frame and over said blank mold includingguide means for introducing a gob of molten glass into the blank moldand also including a plunger and means for thrusting the plunger intothe blank mold to form a parison from the gob of molten glass, the saidmeans at the second of said stations including movable parts to engageand support a parison for further forming and to disengage and releasethe further formed parison, the said means at the third said stationincluding a mold adapted to engage and support the further formedparison for final shaping to an article of glassware and to release theformed article, a head structure supported over the frame and over thelast said mold and cooperating with that mold in the final shaping ofthe article by causing greater gas pressure within than without thefurther formed parison, and a transfer mechanism for parisons andfinished articles including a horizontally movable carriage supportedover the frame and means for reciprocating the carriage longitudinallyof the frame between retracted and extended positions; the said carriagecarrying a neck ring structure and first and second tong structureswhich in the retracted position of the carriage respectively engageparisons at the first, second and third stations, and in the extendedposition respectively release an initially formed parison at the secondstation, a further formed parison at the third station and a finallyformed article beyond the third station.

2. The forming machine section of claim 1 wherein the top-opening blankor parison mold comprises a vertically movable one-piece body portionforming the lower portion of the parison cavity, and the neck ringstructure comprises horizontally movable parts which engage each otherto form the upper portion and finish of the parison cavity and tosupport a parison formed therein, the said body portion of the moldbeing movable downwardly off a formed parison to permit it to betransferred by the neck ring and carriage to the second station.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein a fluid motor cylinderand piston are provided for raising and lowering the body portion of themold in timed relationship to the operation of the other structure inthe machine section.

4. The forming machine section of claim 2 including a two-pieceintermediate mold portion, the two pieces of which are movablehorizontally into engagement with each other and with the neck ringparts and body portion of the mold to define an intermediate portion ofthe parison cavity.

5. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein a fluid motor cylinderand piston are provided for engaging and disengaging the pieces of theintermediate mold portion and said pieces are adapted to clamp the neckring parts together and to so engage the body portion of the mold thatthe two pieces of the intermediate mold portion must be disengagedbefore the mold body portion can be moved downwardly off a formedparison to permit subsequent transfer of the parison by the neck ringand carriage.

6. The forming machine section set forth in claim 1 wherein saidmechanism supported over the frame and over the blank mold comprises amovable support structure over the frame carrying a guide chute and aplunger actuator, and a reversible motor for selectively positioning thechute and actuator over the blank mold 14 respectively to guide a gob ofmolten glass into the blank mold and to thrust a plunger into the blankmold to form a parison from the gob.

7. The forming machine section of claim 1 wherein the said parts at saidsecond station comprise the pieces of a multi-part mold movablesubstantially horizontally to engage each other and a parison carried bysaid neck ring structure from the first to the second station, the saidpieces cooperating to define a cavity within which said parison isenlarged and further deformed.

8. The apparatus as set forth in claim 7 including a bottom plateengaged by the pieces of the multi-part mold and cooperating therewithto define the said cavity, and wherein a cylinder and piston areprovided for engaging and disengaging the said pieces.

9. The structure defined in claim 7 wherein a vertically movable head isadapted to be lowered into association with a parison engaged by thepieces of the said multi-part mold and after release thereof by the saidneck ring structure, the said head being further adapted to introducegas under pressure to the interior of the parison to cause the saidenlargement and further forming thereof.

10. The structure of claim 9 wherein said movable head is supported bysaid carriage and includes said first tong structure and means foroperating the same to engage said parison above the pieces of the saidmultipart mold to provide support for the parison after release thereofby said multi-part mold.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein a cylinder and piston are employedto lower and raise said head, and wherein a linkage is connected betweensaid first tong structure and such piston to effect engagement anddisengagement of the parison by the first tong structure responsive tosuch piston operation.

12. The forming machine section of claim 1 wherein the said parts atsaid second station comprise a pair of generally opposed fingers movablesubstantially horizontally toward and away from each other respectivelyto engage and support and to release a parison which has been carried tosaid second station by said neck ring structure, the said fingersengaging the parison below the neck ring structure.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein a cylinder and piston are providedmoving the said fingers toward and away from each other.

14. The forming machine apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the moldat said third station is split and has parts movable substantiallyhorizontally to engage each other and a parison carried by said firsttong structure from the second station to the third station, the partsof said mold cooperating to define a cavity within which said parison isenlarged to the final desired shape of the article of glassware.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 including a bottom plate engaged by thesaid mold parts and cooperating therewith to define the said cavity, andwherein a cylinder and piston are provided for engaging and disengagingthe said mold parts.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said head structure is verticallymovable andadapted to be lowered into association with a parison engagedby the said mold parts and after release thereof by the first tongstructure, the said head structure being further adapted to introducegas under pressure to the interior of the parison to effect the finalshaping thereof.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein said head structure is supportedby said carriage and includes said second tong structure and means foroperating the same to engage said parison below its finish whereby tosupport and lift the finally shaped article off said bottom plate afterdisengagement of the said mold parts.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein a cylinder and piston are employedto lower and raise said head structure, wherein a second piston issupported by the head structure for vertical reciprocation relativethereto, and wherein linkage is connected between said second tongstructure and said second piston to effect engagement and disengagementof the parison by said second tong structure responsive to operation ofsaid second piston.

19. The forming machine section of claim 1 wherein said transfermechanism comprises at least one guide extending longitudinally of thesection frame over the, three operating stations thereof and saidcarriage is supported on and movable along said guide, and wherein areversible motor is provided to reciprocate said carriage between itssaid retracted and extended positions.

20. The forming machine section of claim 1 wherein said transfermechanism comprises a pair of longitudinally extending guide rods overthe section frame straddling the three operating stations thereof andsaid carriage is supported on and movable along said pair of rods, andwherein a reversible motor is provided to reciprocate said carriagebetween its said retracted and extended positions.

21. The forming machine section of claim 20 wherein there are two suchreversible motors provided, each of which comprises a cylinder and anannular piston surrounding a respective one of said guide rods andengaged with the said carriage, the said reversible motors beingoperated simultaneously to extend and retract the carriage.

22. The forming machine section of claim 1 wherein said transfermechanism comprises at least one longitudinally extending guide rod overthe section frame and said carriage is supported on and movable alongsaid rod, a reversible motor is provided to reciprocate said carriage,said neck ring structure comprises parts movable toward each other toengage a parison and away from each other to release a parison, whereinrack and pinion means are carried by said carriage to so move said neckring parts, the said pinion being slidable on but rotatable with saidguide rod, and wherein reversible means is provided for rotating saidguide rod.

23. The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein said transfer mechanismcomprises a pair of longitudinally extending guide rods over the sectionframe straddling the three operating stations thereof with the carriagesupported on and movable along said pair of rods, and furthercharacterized by at least one reversible motor reciprocating saidcarriage, the neck ring structure comprising parts movable toward eachother to engage a parison and away from each other to release a parison,each of said neck ring parts being mounted on a rack carried by thecarriage for movement transversely of the machine section, and each suchguide rod having a pinion slidable thereon with the carriage butrotatable with the rod and engaging a respective one of said racks, anda reversible motor for rotating said rods to effect said movement of theneck ring parts.

24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein there are two reversible motorsoperated simultaneously to reciprocate the carriage, each of whichcomprises a cylinder and an annular piston surrounding a respective oneof said guide rods and engaged with the carriage.

25. A glassware forming machine section comprising a frame having meansdefining three operating stations for parison forming, further parisonforming, and final shaping whichare horizontally spaced apartlongitudinally of the frame, the said means at the first such stationincluding at least one upright top-opening blank or parison mold,mechanism supported over the frame and over said blank mold includingguide means for introducing a gob of molten glass into the blank moldand also including a plunger and means for thrusting the plunger intothe blank mold to form a parison from the gob of molten glass, the saidmeans at the second of said stations including movable parts to engageand support a parison for further forming and to disengage and releasethe further formed parison, the said means at the third said stationincluding a mold adapted to engage and support the further formedparison for final shaping to an article of glassware and to release theformed article, means associated with the last said mold in the finalshaping of the article for causing a greater gas pressure within thefurther formed parison than is present outside the further formedparison, and a transfer mechanism for parisonsand finished articlesincludf ing a horizontally movable carriage supported over the frame andmeans for reciprocating the carriage longitudinally of the frame betweenretracted and extended positions; the said carriage carrying a neck ringstructure and first and second tong structures which in the,

retracted position of the carriage respectively engage parisons at thefirst, second and third stations, and in the extended positionrespectively release an initially formed parison at the second station,a further formed parison at the third station and a finally formedarticle beyond the third station.

26. A glassware forming machine section comprising a frame having meansdefining three stations for parison forming, further parison forming,and final shaping I which are horizontally spaced apart longitudinallyof the frame, wherein the said means at the first of such stations isutilized to form a parison and said means at another of such stations isused for final shaping of the parison to an article of glassware bycausing a greater gas pressure within the parison than is presentoutside the parison, and a transfer mechanism for moving a parison fromthe first such station and for simultaneously moving an article ofglassware from the said another station, the transfer mechanismincluding at least one guide rod extending longitudinally ofithe frameover the said three stations, a carriage supported on the said guide rodfor reciprocation therealong, ai

reversible motor connected with the carriage and for reciprocating thecarriage between a retracted and an extended position, a neck ringstructure supported by the carriage and having parts movabletransversely of the frame toward each other to engage and support aparison at the first station in the retracted position of the carriageand away from each other to release a parison at the second station inthe extended position of the carriage, a pair of tongs supported on thesaid carriage with the tongs in the pair being movable toward each otherat the said second station in the retracted position of the carriage toengage a parison or an article and being movable away from each other inthe extended position of the carriage to release such article or parisonat the third station, and a further pair of tongs sup ported on the saidcarriage with the tongs in the pair being movable toward each other atthe third station in extended position of the carriage to release suchglass the retracted position of the carriage to engage a glass articlebeyond said third station. article and being movable away from eachother in the

1. A GLASSWARE FORMING MACHINE SECTION COMPRISNG A FRAME HAVING MEANSDEFINING THREE OPERATING STATIONS FOR PARISON FORMING, FUTHER PARISONFORMING, AND FINAL SHAPING WHICH ARE HORIZONTALLY SPACED APARTLONGITUDINALLY OF THE FRAME, THE SAID MANS AT THE FIRST SUCH INCLUDINGAT LEAST ONE UPRIGHT TOP-OPENING BLANK OR PARISON MOLD, MACHANISMSUPPORTED OVER THE FRAME AND OVER SAID BLANK MOLD INCLUDING GUIDE MEANSFOR INTRODUCING A GOB OF MOLTEN GLASS INTO THE BLANK MOLD AND ALSOINCLUDING A PLUNGER AND MEANS FOR THRUSTING THE PLUNGER INTO THE BLANKMOLD TO FORM A PARIDON FROM THE GOB OF MOLTEN GLASS, THE SAID MEANS ATTHE SECOND OF SAID STATIONS INCLUDING MOVABLE PARTS TO ENGAGE ANDSUPPORT A PARISON FOR FUTHER FORMING AND TO DISENGAGE AND RELEASE THEFURTHER FORMED PARISON, THE SAID MEANS AT THE THIRD SAID STATIONINCLUDING A MOLD ADAPTED TO ENGAGE AND SUPPORT THE FURTHER FORMEDPARISON FOR FINAL SHAPING TO AN ARTICLE OF GALSSWARE AND TO RELEASE THEFORMED ARTICLE, A HEAD STRUCTURE SUPPORTED OVER THE FRAME AND OVER THELAST SAID MOLD AND COOPERATING WITH THAT MOLD IN THE FINAL SHAPING OFTHE ARTICLE BY CAUSING GREATER GAS PRESSURE WITHIN THAN WITHOUT THEFURTHER PARISON, AND A TRANSFER MECHANISM FOR PARISON AND FINISHEDARTICLES INCLUDING A HORIZONTALLY MOVABLE CARRIAGE SUPPORTED OVER THEFRAME AND MEANS FOR RECIPROCATING THE CARRIAGE LONGITUDINALLY OF THEFRAME BETWEEN RETRACTED AND EXTENDED POSITIONS, THE SAID CARRIAGECARRYING A NECK RING STRUCTURE AND FIRST AND SECOND TONG STRUCTURESWHICH IN THE RETRACTED POSITION OF THE CARRIAGE RESPECTIVELY ENGAGEPARISONS AT THE FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD STATIONS, AND IN THE EXTENDEDPOSITION RESPECTIVELY RELEASE AN INITIALLY FORMED PARISON AT THE SECONDSTATION, A FURTHER FORMED PARISON AT THE THIRD STATION AND A FINALLYFORMED ARTICLE BEYOND THE THIRD STATION.
 2. The forming machine sectionof claim 1 wherein the top-opening blank or parison mold comprises avertically movable one-piece body portion forming the lower portion ofthe parison cavity, and the neck ring structure comprises horizontallymovable parts which engage each other to form the upper portion andfinish of the parison cavity and to support a parison formed therein,the said body portion of the mold being movable downwardly off a formedparison to permit it to be transferred by the neck ring and carriage tothe second station.
 3. The apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein afluid motor cylinder and piston are provided for raising and loweringthe body portion of the mold in timed relationship to the operation ofthe other structure in the machine section.
 4. The forming machinesection of claim 2 including a two-piece intermediate mold portion, thetwo pieces of which are movable horizontally into engagement with eachother and with the neck ring parts and body portion of the mold todefine an intermediate portion of the parison cavity.
 5. The apparatusas defined in claim 4 wherein a fluid motor cylinder and piston areprovided for engaging and disengaging the pieces of the intermediatemold portion and said pieces are adapted to clamp the neck ring partstogether and to so engage the body portion of the mold that the twopieces of the intermediate mold portion must be disengaged before themold body portion can be moved downwardly off a formed parison to permitsubsequent transfer of the parison by the neck ring and carriage.
 6. Theforming machine section set forth in claim 1 wherein said mechanismsupported over the frame and over the blank mold comprises a movablesupport structure over the frame carrying a guide chute and a plungeractuator, and a reversible motor for selectively positioning the chuteand actuator over the blank mold respectively to guide a gob of moltenglass into the blank mold and to thrust a plunger into the blank mold toform a parison from the gob.
 7. The forming machine section of claim 1wherein the said parts at said second station comprise the pieces of amulti-part mold movable substantially horizontally to engage each otherand a parison carried by said neck ring structure from the first to thesecond station, the said pieces cooperating to define a cavity withinwhich said parison is enlarged and further deformed.
 8. The apparatus asset forth in claim 7 including a bottom plate engaged by the pieces ofthe multi-part mold and cooperating therewith to define the said cavity,and wherein a cylinder and piston are provided for engaging anddisengaging the said pieces.
 9. The structure defined in claim 7 whereina vertically movable head is adapted to be lowered into association witha parison engaged by the pieces of the said multi-part mold and afterrelease thereof by the said neck ring structure, the said head beingfurther adapted to introduce gas under pressure to the interior of theparison to cause the said enlargement and further forming thereof. 10.The structure of claim 9 wherein said movable head is supported by saidcarriage and includes said first tong structure and means for operatingthe same to engage said parison above the pieces of the said multi-partmold to provide support for the parison after release thereof by saidmulti-part mold.
 11. The apparatuS of claim 10 wherein a cylinder andpiston are employed to lower and raise said head, and wherein a linkageis connected between said first tong structure and such piston to effectengagement and disengagement of the parison by the first tong structureresponsive to such piston operation.
 12. The forming machine section ofclaim 1 wherein the said parts at said second station comprise a pair ofgenerally opposed fingers movable substantially horizontally toward andaway from each other respectively to engage and support and to release aparison which has been carried to said second station by said neck ringstructure, the said fingers engaging the parison below the neck ringstructure.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein a cylinder and pistonare provided moving the said fingers toward and away from each other.14. The forming machine apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the moldat said third station is split and has parts movable substantiallyhorizontally to engage each other and a parison carried by said firsttong structure from the second station to the third station, the partsof said mold cooperating to define a cavity within which said parison isenlarged to the final desired shape of the article of glassware.
 15. Theapparatus of claim 14 including a bottom plate engaged by the said moldparts and cooperating therewith to define the said cavity, and wherein acylinder and piston are provided for engaging and disengaging the saidmold parts.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said head structure isvertically movable and adapted to be lowered into association with aparison engaged by the said mold parts and after release thereof by thefirst tong structure, the said head structure being further adapted tointroduce gas under pressure to the interior of the parison to effectthe final shaping thereof.
 17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein saidhead structure is supported by said carriage and includes said secondtong structure and means for operating the same to engage said parisonbelow its finish whereby to support and lift the finally shaped articleoff said bottom plate after disengagement of the said mold parts. 18.The apparatus of claim 17 wherein a cylinder and piston are employed tolower and raise said head structure, wherein a second piston issupported by the head structure for vertical reciprocation relativethereto, and wherein linkage is connected between said second tongstructure and said second piston to effect engagement and disengagementof the parison by said second tong structure responsive to operation ofsaid second piston.
 19. The forming machine section of claim 1 whereinsaid transfer mechanism comprises at least one guide extendinglongitudinally of the section frame over the three operating stationsthereof and said carriage is supported on and movable along said guide,and wherein a reversible motor is provided to reciprocate said carriagebetween its said retracted and extended positions.
 20. The formingmachine section of claim 1 wherein said transfer mechanism comprises apair of longitudinally extending guide rods over the section framestraddling the three operating stations thereof and said carriage issupported on and movable along said pair of rods, and wherein areversible motor is provided to reciprocate said carriage between itssaid retracted and extended positions.
 21. The forming machine sectionof claim 20 wherein there are two such reversible motors provided, eachof which comprises a cylinder and an annular piston surrounding arespective one of said guide rods and engaged with the said carriage,the said reversible motors being operated simultaneously to extend andretract the carriage.
 22. The forming machine section of claim 1 whereinsaid transfer mechanism comprises at least one longitudinally extendingguide rod over the section frame and said carriage is supported on andmovable along said rod, a reversible motor is provided to reciprocatesaid carriage, said neck rIng structure comprises parts movable towardeach other to engage a parison and away from each other to release aparison, wherein rack and pinion means are carried by said carriage toso move said neck ring parts, the said pinion being slidable on butrotatable with said guide rod, and wherein reversible means is providedfor rotating said guide rod.
 23. The apparatus set forth in claim 1wherein said transfer mechanism comprises a pair of longitudinallyextending guide rods over the section frame straddling the threeoperating stations thereof with the carriage supported on and movablealong said pair of rods, and further characterized by at least onereversible motor reciprocating said carriage, the neck ring structurecomprising parts movable toward each other to engage a parison and awayfrom each other to release a parison, each of said neck ring parts beingmounted on a rack carried by the carriage for movement transversely ofthe machine section, and each such guide rod having a pinion slidablethereon with the carriage but rotatable with the rod and engaging arespective one of said racks, and a reversible motor for rotating saidrods to effect said movement of the neck ring parts.
 24. The apparatusof claim 23 wherein there are two reversible motors operatedsimultaneously to reciprocate the carriage, each of which comprises acylinder and an annular piston surrounding a respective one of saidguide rods and engaged with the carriage.
 25. A glassware formingmachine section comprising a frame having means defining three operatingstations for parison forming, further parison forming, and final shapingwhich are horizontally spaced apart longitudinally of the frame, thesaid means at the first such station including at least one uprighttop-opening blank or parison mold, mechanism supported over the frameand over said blank mold including guide means for introducing a gob ofmolten glass into the blank mold and also including a plunger and meansfor thrusting the plunger into the blank mold to form a parison from thegob of molten glass, the said means at the second of said stationsincluding movable parts to engage and support a parison for furtherforming and to disengage and release the further formed parison, thesaid means at the third said station including a mold adapted to engageand support the further formed parison for final shaping to an articleof glassware and to release the formed article, means associated withthe last said mold in the final shaping of the article for causing agreater gas pressure within the further formed parison than is presentoutside the further formed parison, and a transfer mechanism forparisons and finished articles including a horizontally movable carriagesupported over the frame and means for reciprocating the carriagelongitudinally of the frame between retracted and extended positions;the said carriage carrying a neck ring structure and first and secondtong structures which in the retracted position of the carriagerespectively engage parisons at the first, second and third stations,and in the extended position respectively release an initially formedparison at the second station, a further formed parison at the thirdstation and a finally formed article beyond the third station.
 26. Aglassware forming machine section comprising a frame having meansdefining three stations for parison forming, further parison forming,and final shaping which are horizontally spaced apart longitudinally ofthe frame, wherein the said means at the first of such stations isutilized to form a parison and said means at another of such stations isused for final shaping of the parison to an article of glassware bycausing a greater gas pressure within the parison than is presentoutside the parison, and a transfer mechanism for moving a parison fromthe first such station and for simultaneously moving an article ofglassware from the said another station, the transfer mechanismincluding at least one guide rod extendIng longitudinally of the frameover the said three stations, a carriage supported on the said guide rodfor reciprocation therealong, a reversible motor connected with thecarriage and for reciprocating the carriage between a retracted and anextended position, a neck ring structure supported by the carriage andhaving parts movable transversely of the frame toward each other toengage and support a parison at the first station in the retractedposition of the carriage and away from each other to release a parisonat the second station in the extended position of the carriage, a pairof tongs supported on the said carriage with the tongs in the pair beingmovable toward each other at the said second station in the retractedposition of the carriage to engage a parison or an article and beingmovable away from each other in the extended position of the carriage torelease such article or parison at the third station, and a further pairof tongs supported on the said carriage with the tongs in the pair beingmovable toward each other at the third station in the retracted positionof the carriage to engage a glass article and being movable away fromeach other in the extended position of the carriage to release suchglass article beyond said third station.